![]() ![]() MPs are plastic wastes that broke down into smaller particles or plastic microspheres by processes such as ultraviolet radiation, waves, ocean current ( Law et al., 2010), and microbial degradation ( Cozar et al., 2014). Microplastics (MPs), as a new type of pollutant, have become one of the hotspots of studies by scientists in recent years. This study provides preliminary data support for understanding the biotoxicity of MPs to invertebrate zooplankton and is conducive to the further risk assessment of MP exposure. These experimental results demonstrated that the ingestion of MPs by brine shrimp can alter the composition of the gut microbiota and lead to a slow growth rate. In contrast, the proportions of Stappia, Microbacterium, and Dietzia increased by 1.12, 23.27, and 11.59%, respectively, for the PE group, and 1.09, 3.79, and 42.96%, respectively, for the PS group. According to the analysis on genus level, the proportions of Ponticoccus, Seohaeicola, Polycyclovorans, and Methylophaga decreased by 46.38, 1.24, 1.07, and 2.66%, respectively, for the PE group and 57.87, 1.43, 0.88, and 2.24%, respectively, for the PS group. For the PS group, it was 54.95 and 1.27%, respectively. For the PE group, the proportion of Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes increased by 45.26 and 2.73%, respectively. MPs’ exposure significantly increased the gut microbial diversity. By using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing, 32 phyla of bacteria were detected in the intestine, and the microbiome consisted mainly of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. MPs are mainly found in the intestine, and their exposure evidently affects the gut microbiota. The average body length of brine shrimps was reduced by 17.92 and 14.95% in the PE group and PS group, respectively. Our results showed that the MPs remarkably reduced the growth rate of brine shrimp, and the two types of MPs have different impacts. In this work, the influence of polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) MPs on the growth of brine shrimp and corresponding changes of gut microbiota were investigated. Brine shrimp ( Artemia parthenogenetica) has an important role in the energy flow through trophic levels in different seawater systems. Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in the aquatic environment and can be frequently ingested by zooplankton, leading to various effects. 3College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China.2Tianjin Marine Environment Monitoring Center Station of State Oceanic Administration, Tianjin, China.1School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.Hongyu Li 1 Hongwei Chen 1 Jiao Wang 1 Jiayao Li 1 Sitong Liu 1 Jianbo Tu 2 Yanzhen Chen 2 Yanping Zong 2 Pingping Zhang 3 Zhiyun Wang 1* Xianhua Liu 1*
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